On the causal interpretation of race in regressions adjusting for confounding and mediating variables.
نویسندگان
چکیده
We consider several possible interpretations of the "effect of race" when regressions are run with race as an exposure variable, controlling also for various confounding and mediating variables. When adjustment is made for socioeconomic status early in a person's life, we discuss under what contexts the regression coefficients for race can be interpreted as corresponding to the extent to which a racial inequality would remain if various socioeconomic distributions early in life across racial groups could be equalized. When adjustment is also made for adult socioeconomic status, we note how the overall racial inequality can be decomposed into the portion that would be eliminated by equalizing adult socioeconomic status across racial groups and the portion of the inequality that would remain even if adult socioeconomic status across racial groups were equalized. We also discuss a stronger interpretation of the effect of race (stronger in terms of assumptions) involving the joint effects of race-associated physical phenotype (eg, skin color), parental physical phenotype, genetic background, and cultural context when such variables are thought to be hypothetically manipulable and if adequate control for confounding were possible. We discuss some of the challenges with such an interpretation. Further discussion is given as to how the use of selected populations in examining racial disparities can additionally complicate the interpretation of the effects.
منابع مشابه
Causal Relationship Strategies for Emotion Processing and Spiritual Intelligence with Internet Addiction Tendency With the mediating role of imposing distress
Objective: Internet addiction is a disorder of impulse control and an inconsistent pattern of Internet use that leads to significant distress or disorder and causes psychological, educational, and occupational problems in onechr('39')s life. Our main objective in this study is to identify the causal relationship between emotion regulation and spiritual intelligence regulation strategies with a...
متن کاملThe causal relationship between mindfulness with perceived stress in students: The mediating role of self-efficacy and Emotional Intelligence
Mindfulness is non-judgmental and unexplainable which is based on present and important experience that catches some one's attention during a specific time scale. And it is useful in decrease stress and increase quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to examine the causal relationship between mindfulness with perceived stress in students: The mediating role of self-efficacy and E...
متن کاملThe Evaluation of a causal model of wisdom based on big five Factors of personality with the mediating role of basic psychological needs in university students
The aim of this study was to evaluate the causal model for wisdom based on the five factors of personality with the mediating role of psychological basic needs in students. the method of the present study was descriptive-correlational using a structural equation model. The statistical population of this study was undergraduate and graduate students of the academic year 2020-2021 in Golestan pro...
متن کاملHeterogeneity of the Link between Depression and Self-Esteem Based on Race
Background: Although the association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and low self-esteem is well established, we do not know if race and ethnicity modify the magnitude of this link. Objectives: Using a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States, we explored whether or not race alters the association between MDD and self-esteem. Materials and Methods: Data came...
متن کاملThe Causal Relationship between Self-Compassion and Civic-Academic Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Parental Autonomy Support
Background and Purpose: Civic-academic behaviors provide the context of cooperation and participation in social interactions and are influenced by the antecedent variables of self-compassion and parental autonomy support. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between self-compassion and civic-academic behaviors with the mediating role of parental autonomy support. Method: This...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Epidemiology
دوره 25 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2014